严格按照官方文档《README.html》执行准备、检查，最后执行apply的操作如下。
[oracle@wydbadg:1 /u01/soft/patch/31771877]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.21 Copyright (c) 2020, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved. Oracle Home : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory from : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc OPatch version : 12.2.0.1.21 OUI version : 12.2.0.7.0 Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-11-27_19-48-36PM_1.log Verifying environment and performing prerequisite checks... OPatch continues with these patches: 31771877 Do you want to proceed? [y|n] y User Responded with: Y All checks passed. Please shutdown Oracle instances running out of this ORACLE_HOME on the local system. (Oracle Home = '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1') Is the local system ready for patching? [y|n] y User Responded with: Y Backing up files... Applying interim patch '31771877' to OH '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1' ApplySession: Optional component(s) [ oracle.network.gsm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.ic, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.rdbms.tg4db2, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.tfa, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.options.olap.awm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.net.cman, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.xdk.companion, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.oraolap.mgmt, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.network.cman, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.options.olap, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.assistants.usm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.assistants.asm, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.sqlj, 19.0.0.0.0 ] , [ oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.191.0 ] not present in the Oracle Home or a higher version is found. Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.util, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.assistants.acf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.assistants.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.assistants.server, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.buildtools.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ctx, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.dbjava.ic, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.dbjava.jdbc, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.dbjava.ucp, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.dbtoolslistener, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.network.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.oracore.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.sdo, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.sdo.locator.jrf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.sqlplus, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.usm.deconfig, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.crs, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.oraolap, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.precomp.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.javavm.client, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.precomp.common.core, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.network.client, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.scheduler, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ctx.atg, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.marvel, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.oraolap.dbscripts, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ovm, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.bali.ice, 11.1.1.7.0... Patching component oracle.ctx.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.lbac, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.oci, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.odbc, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.rman, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.nlsrtl.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.plugins, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.drdaas, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ldap.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ldap.security.osdt, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.network.listener, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ons, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.dv, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.javavm.server, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.xdk, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.ldap.owm, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.dbdev, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.install.common, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.sdo.locator, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.duma, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.sqlplus.ic, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.xdk.rsf, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.xdk.parser.java, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.rdbms.rsf.ic, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.precomp.common, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.precomp.lang, 19.0.0.0.0... Patching component oracle.jdk, 1.8.0.201.0... Patch 31771877 successfully applied. Sub-set patch [31281355] has become inactive due to the application of a super-set patch [31771877]. Please refer to Doc ID 2161861.1 for any possible further required actions. Log file location: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2020-11-27_19-48-36PM_1.log OPatch succeeded.
注，这是一个adg单节点，只打了软件补丁，数据库的操作并没有执行，待后续重新同步主库数据吧。
最后检查下补丁结果：
[oracle@wydbadg:1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches 31771877;Database Release Update : 19.9.0.0.201020 (31771877) 29585399;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399) OPatch succeeded.
文章评论
记录下，19.8的adg备库zzadg打补丁时，直接采用了GI补丁包p31305339_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip，从里面单独打了31281355，执行apply以后的补丁状态如下：
[oracle@zzadg:1 /u01/soft/patch/31305339/]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
31281355;Database Release Update : 19.8.0.0.200714 (31281355)
29585399;OCW RELEASE UPDATE 19.3.0.0.0 (29585399)
这样子应该就可以构建adg备库了，待验证。